Wisp Scheduler
Wisp is a library for managing the execution of recurring Java jobs. It works like the Java class ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor, but it comes with some advanced features:
- Jobs can be scheduled to run according to: a fixed hour (e.g. 00:30), a CRON expression, or a custom code-based expression,
- Statistics about each job execution can be retrieved,
- A too long jobs detection mechanism can be configured,
- The thread pool can be configured to scale down when there is less jobs to execute concurrently.
Wisp weighs only 30Kb and has zero dependency except SLF4J for logging. It will try to only create threads that will be used: if one thread is enough to run all the jobs, then only one thread will be created. A second thread will generally be created only when 2 jobs have to run at the same time.
The scheduler precision will depend on the system load. Though a job will never be executed early, it will generally run after 1ms of the scheduled time.
Wisp is compatible with Java 8 and higher.
Getting started
Include Wisp in your project:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.coreoz</groupId>
<artifactId>wisp</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0</version>
</dependency>
Schedule a job:
Scheduler scheduler = new Scheduler();
scheduler.schedule(
() -> System.out.println("My first job"), // the runnable to be scheduled
Schedules.fixedDelaySchedule(Duration.ofMinutes(5)) // the schedule associated to the runnable
);
Done!
A project should generally contain only one instance of a Scheduler. So either a dependency injection framework handles this instance, or either a static instance of Scheduler should be created.
In production, it is generally a good practice to configure the monitor for long running jobs detection.
Changelog and upgrade instructions
All the changelog and the upgrades instructions are available in the project releases page.
Schedules
When a job is created or done executing, the schedule associated to the job is called to determine when the job should next be executed. There are multiple implications:
- the same job will never be executed twice at a time,
- if a job has to be executed at a fixed frequency, then the job has to finish running before the next execution is scheduled ; else the next execution will likely be skipped (depending of the
Scheduleimplementation).
Basics schedules
Basics schedules are referenced in the Schedules class:
fixedDelaySchedule(Duration): execute a job at a fixed delay after each executionexecuteAt(String): execute a job at the same time every day, e.g.executeAt("05:30")
Composition
Schedules are very flexible and can easily be composed, e.g:
Schedules.afterInitialDelay(Schedules.fixedDelaySchedule(Duration.ofMinutes(5)), Duration.ZERO): the job will be first executed ASAP and then with a fixed delay of 5 minutes between each execution,Schedules.executeOnce(Schedules.executeAt("05:30")): the job will be executed once at 05:30.Schedules.executeOnce(Schedules.fixedDelaySchedule(Duration.ofSeconds(10))): the job will be executed once 10 seconds after it has been scheduled.
Cron
Schedules can be created using cron expressions. This feature is made possible by the use of cron-utils. So to use cron expression, cron-utils should be added in the project:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.cronutils</groupId>
<artifactId>cron-utils</artifactId>
<version>8.0.0</version>
</dependency>
Then to create a job which is executed every hour at the 30th minute, you can create the schedule: CronSchedule.parseQuartzCron("0 30 * * * ? *").
Cron expression should be created and checked using a tool like Cron Maker.
Custom schedules
Custom schedules can be created, see the Schedule interface.
Past schedule
Schedules can reference a past time. However once a past time is returned by a schedule, the associated job will never be executed again. At the first execution, if a past time is referenced a warning will be logged but no exception will be raised.
Statistics
Two methods enable to fetch scheduler statistics:
Scheduler.jobStatus(): To fetch all the jobs executing on the scheduler. For each job, these data are available:- name,
- status (see
JobStatusfor details), - executions count,
- last execution start date,
- last execution end date,
- next execution date.
Scheduler.stats(): To fetch statistics about the underlying thread pool:- min threads,
- max threads,
- active threads running jobs,
- idle threads,
- largest thread pool size.
Long running jobs detection
To detect jobs that are running for too long, an optional job monitor is provided. It can be setup with:
scheduler.schedule(
"Long running job monitor",
new LongRunningJobMonitor(scheduler),
Schedules.fixedDelaySchedule(Duration.ofMinutes(1))
);
This way, every minute, the monitor will check for jobs that are running for more than 5 minutes. A warning message with the job stack trace will be logged for any job running for more than 5 minutes.
The detection threshold can also be configured this way: new LongRunningJobMonitor(scheduler, Duration.ofMinutes(15))
Scalable thread pool
By default the thread pool size will only grow up, from 0 to 10 threads (and not scale down). But it is also possible to define a maximum keep alive duration after which idle threads will be removed from the pool. This can be configured this way:
Scheduler scheduler = new Scheduler(
SchedulerConfig
.builder()
.minThreads(2)
.maxThreads(15)
.threadsKeepAliveTime(Duration.ofHours(1))
.build()
);
In this example:
- There will be always at least 2 threads to run the jobs,
- The thread pool can grow up to 15 threads to run the jobs,
- Idle threads for at least an hour will be removed from the pool, until the 2 minimum threads remain.
Plume Framework integration
If you are already using Plume Framework, please take a look at Plume Scheduler.
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