From Java To Kotlin

From Java To Kotlin - Your Cheat Sheet For Java To Kotlin

Print to Console

Java

System.out.print("Amit Shekhar");
System.out.println("Amit Shekhar");

Kotlin

print("Amit Shekhar")
println("Amit Shekhar")

Constants and Variables

Java

String name = "Amit Shekhar";
final String name = "Amit Shekhar";

Kotlin

var name = "Amit Shekhar"
val name = "Amit Shekhar"

Assigning the null value

Java

String otherName;
otherName = null;

Kotlin

var otherName : String?
otherName = null

Verify if value is null

Java

if (text != null) {
  int length = text.length();
}

Kotlin

text?.let {
    val length = text.length
}
// or simply
val length = text?.length

Verify if value is NotNull OR NotEmpty

Java

String sampleString = "Shekhar";
if (!sampleString.isEmpty()) {
    myTextView.setText(sampleString);
}
if(sampleString!=null && !sampleString.isEmpty()){
    myTextView.setText(sampleString); 
}

Kotlin

var sampleString ="Shekhar"
if(sampleString.isNotEmpty()){  //the feature of kotlin extension function
    myTextView.text=sampleString
}
if(!sampleString.isNullOrEmpty()){
   myTextView.text=sampleString 
}

Concatenation of strings

Java

String firstName = "Amit";
String lastName = "Shekhar";
String message = "My name is: " + firstName + " " + lastName;

Kotlin

var firstName = "Amit"
var lastName = "Shekhar"
var message = "My name is: $firstName $lastName"

New line in string

Java

String text = "First Line\n" +
              "Second Line\n" +
              "Third Line";

Kotlin

val text = """
        |First Line
        |Second Line
        |Third Line
        """.trimMargin()

Substring

Java

String str = "Java to Kotlin Guide";
String substr = "";

//print java
substr = str.substring(0, 4);
System.out.println("substring = " + substr);

//print kotlin
substr = str.substring(8, 14);
System.out.println("substring = " + substr);

Kotlin

var str = "Java to Kotlin Guide"
var substr = ""

//print java
substr = str.substring(0..3) //
println("substring $substr")

//print kotlin
substr = str.substring(8..13)
println("substring $substr")

Ternary Operations

Java

5" : "x <= 5"; String message = null; log(message != null ? message : "");">

String text = x > 5 ? "x > 5" : "x <= 5";

String message = null;
log(message != null ? message : "");

Kotlin

5" else "x <= 5" val message: String? = null log(message ?: "")">

val text = if (x > 5) "x > 5" else "x <= 5"

val message: String? = null
log(message ?: "")

Bitwise Operators

Java

final int andResult  = a & b;
final int orResult   = a | b;
final int xorResult  = a ^ b;
final int rightShift = a >> 2;
final int leftShift  = a << 2;
final int unsignedRightShift = a >>> 2;

Kotlin

val andResult  = a and b
val orResult   = a or b
val xorResult  = a xor b
val rightShift = a shr 2
val leftShift  = a shl 2
val unsignedRightShift = a ushr 2

Check the type and casting

Java

if (object instanceof Car) {
	Car car = (Car) object;
}

Kotlin

if (object is Car) {
var car = object as Car
}

// if object is null
var car = object as? Car // var car = object as Car?

Check the type and casting (implicit)

Java

if (object instanceof Car) {
   Car car = (Car) object;
}

Kotlin

if (object is Car) {
   var car = object // smart casting
}

// if object is null
if (object is Car?) {
   var car = object // smart casting, car will be null
}

Multiple conditions

Java

if (score >= 0 && score <= 300) { }

Kotlin

if (score in 0..300) { }

Multiple Conditions (Switch case)

Java

int score = // some score;
String grade;
switch (score) {
	case 10:
	case 9:
		grade = "Excellent";
		break;
	case 8:
	case 7:
	case 6:
		grade = "Good";
		break;
	case 5:
	case 4:
		grade = "OK";
		break;
	case 3:
	case 2:
	case 1:
		grade = "Fail";
		break;
	default:
	    grade = "Fail";				
}

Kotlin

"Good" 4, 5 -> "OK" else -> "Fail" }">

var score = // some score
var grade = when (score) {
	9, 10 -> "Excellent"
	in 6..8 -> "Good"
	4, 5 -> "OK"
	else -> "Fail"
}

For-loops

Java

for (int i = 1; i <= 10 ; i++) { }

for (int i = 1; i < 10 ; i++) { }

for (int i = 10; i >= 0 ; i--) { }

for (int i = 1; i <= 10 ; i+=2) { }

for (int i = 10; i >= 0 ; i-=2) { }

for (String item : collection) { }

for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry: map.entrySet()) { }

Kotlin

for (i in 1..10) { }

for (i in 1 until 10) { }

for (i in 10 downTo 0) { }

for (i in 1..10 step 2) { }

for (i in 10 downTo 0 step 2) { }

for (item in collection) { }

for ((key, value) in map) { }

Collections

Java

listOfNumber = List.of(1, 2, 3, 4); final Map
keyValue = Map.of(1, "Amit", 2, "Ali", 3, "Mindorks");">
final List<Integer> listOfNumber = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4);

final Map<Integer, String> keyValue = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
map.put(1, "Amit");
map.put(2, "Ali");
map.put(3, "Mindorks");

// Java 9
final List<Integer> listOfNumber = List.of(1, 2, 3, 4);

final Map<Integer, String> keyValue = Map.of(1, "Amit",
                                             2, "Ali",
                                             3, "Mindorks");

Kotlin

val listOfNumber = listOf(1, 2, 3, 4)
val keyValue = mapOf(1 to "Amit",
                     2 to "Ali",
                     3 to "Mindorks")

for each

Java

// Java 7 and below
for (Car car : cars) {
  System.out.println(car.speed);
}

// Java 8+
cars.forEach(car -> System.out.println(car.speed));

// Java 7 and below
for (Car car : cars) {
  if (car.speed > 100) {
    System.out.println(car.speed);
  }
}

// Java 8+
cars.stream().filter(car -> car.speed > 100).forEach(car -> System.out.println(car.speed));
cars.parallelStream().filter(car -> car.speed > 100).forEach(car -> System.out.println(car.speed));

Kotlin

cars.forEach {
    println(it.speed)
}

cars.filter { it.speed > 100 }
      .forEach { println(it.speed)}

// kotlin 1.1+
cars.stream().filter { it.speed > 100 }.forEach { println(it.speed)}
cars.parallelStream().filter { it.speed > 100 }.forEach { println(it.speed)}

Splitting arrays

java

String[] splits = "param=car".split("=");
String param = splits[0];
String value = splits[1];

kotlin

val (param, value) = "param=car".split("=")

Defining methods

Java

void doSomething() {
   // logic here
}

Kotlin

fun doSomething() {
   // logic here
}

Default values for method parameters

Java

double calculateCost(int quantity, double pricePerItem) {
    return pricePerItem * quantity;
}

double calculateCost(int quantity) {
    // default price is 20.5
    return 20.5 * quantity;
}

Kotlin

fun calculateCost(quantity: Int, pricePerItem: Double = 20.5) = quantity * pricePerItem

calculateCost(10, 25.0) // 250
calculateCost(10) // 205

Variable number of arguments

Java

void doSomething(int... numbers) {
   // logic here
}

Kotlin

fun doSomething(vararg numbers: Int) {
   // logic here
}

Defining methods with return

Java

int getScore() {
   // logic here
   return score;
}

Kotlin

fun getScore(): Int {
   // logic here
   return score
}

// as a single-expression function

fun getScore(): Int = score

// even simpler (type will be determined automatically)

fun getScore() = score // return-type is Int

Returning result of an operation

Java

int getScore(int value) {
    // logic here
    return 2 * value;
}

Kotlin

fun getScore(value: Int): Int {
   // logic here
   return 2 * value
}

// as a single-expression function
fun getScore(value: Int): Int = 2 * value

// even simpler (type will be determined automatically)

fun getScore(value: Int) = 2 * value // return-type is int

Constructors

Java

public class Utils {

    private Utils() {
      // This utility class is not publicly instantiable
    }

    public static int getScore(int value) {
        return 2 * value;
    }

}

Kotlin

class Utils private constructor() {

    companion object {

        fun getScore(value: Int): Int {
            return 2 * value
        }

    }
}

// another way

object Utils {

    fun getScore(value: Int): Int {
        return 2 * value
    }

}

Getters and Setters

Java

public class Developer {

    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Developer(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        Developer developer = (Developer) o;

        if (age != developer.age) return false;
        return name != null ? name.equals(developer.name) : developer.name == null;

    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        int result = name != null ? name.hashCode() : 0;
        result = 31 * result + age;
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Developer{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

Kotlin

data class Developer(var name: String, var age: Int)

Cloning or copying

Java

public class Developer implements Cloneable {

    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Developer(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return (Developer)super.clone();
    }
}

// cloning or copying
Developer dev = new Developer("Mindorks", 30);
try {
    Developer dev2 = (Developer) dev.clone();
} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
    // handle exception
}

Kotlin

data class Developer(var name: String, var age: Int)

// cloning or copying
val dev = Developer("Mindorks", 30)
val dev2 = dev.copy()
// in case you only want to copy selected properties
val dev2 = dev.copy(age = 25)

Class methods

Java

public class Utils {

    private Utils() {
      // This utility class is not publicly instantiable
    }

    public static int triple(int value) {
        return 3 * value;
    }

}

int result = Utils.triple(3);

Generics

Java

// Example #1
interface SomeInterface
    {
    
   void 
   doSomething(
   T 
   data);
}


   class 
   SomeClass 
   implements 
   SomeInterface<String> {
    
   @Override
    
   public 
   void 
   doSomething(
   String 
   data) {
        
   // some logic
    }
}


   // Example #2

   interface 
   SomeInterface
   
    extends 
    Collection>> {
    void doSomething(T data);
}

class SomeClass implements SomeInterface<List<String>> {

    @Override
    public void doSomething(List<String> data) {
        // some logic
    }
}

interface SomeInterface<T> {
    fun doSomething(data: T)
}

class SomeClass: SomeInterface<String> {
    override fun doSomething(data: String) {
        // some logic
    }
}

interface SomeInterface<T: Collection<*>> {
    fun doSomething(data: T)
}

class SomeClass: SomeInterface<List<String>> {
    override fun doSomething(data: List<String>) {
        // some logic
    }
}

Kotlin

fun Int.triple(): Int {
  return this * 3
}

var result = 3.triple()

Defining uninitialized objects

Java

Person person;

Kotlin

internal lateinit var person: Person

enum

Java

public enum Direction {
        NORTH(1),
        SOUTH(2),
        WEST(3),
        EAST(4);

        int direction;

        Direction(int direction) {
            this.direction = direction;
        }

        public int getDirection() {
            return direction;
        }
    }

Kotlin

enum class Direction(val direction: Int) {
    NORTH(1),
    SOUTH(2),
    WEST(3),
    EAST(4);
}

Sorting List

Java

List<Profile> profiles = loadProfiles(context);
Collections.sort(profiles, new Comparator<Profile>() {
    @Override
    public int compare(Profile profile1, Profile profile2) {
        if (profile1.getAge() > profile2.getAge()) return 1;
        if (profile1.getAge() < profile2.getAge()) return -1;
        return 0;
    }
});

Kotlin

val profile = loadProfiles(context)
profile.sortedWith(Comparator({ profile1, profile2 ->
    if (profile1.age > profile2.age) return@Comparator 1
    if (profile1.age < profile2.age) return@Comparator -1
    return@Comparator 0
}))

Anonymous Class

Java

 AsyncTask<Void, Void, Profile> task = new AsyncTask<Void, Void, Profile>() {
    @Override
    protected Profile doInBackground(Void... voids) {
        // fetch profile from API or DB
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPreExecute() {
        super.onPreExecute();
        // do something
    }
};

Kotlin

val task = object : AsyncTask<Void, Void, Profile>() {
    override fun doInBackground(vararg voids: Void): Profile? {
        // fetch profile from API or DB
        return null
    }

    override fun onPreExecute() {
        super.onPreExecute()
        // do something
    }
}

Initialization block

Java

public class User {
    {  //Initialization block
        System.out.println("Init block");
    }
}

Kotlin

   class User {
        init { // Initialization block
            println("Init block")
        }
    }

Important things to know in Kotlin

Found this project useful ❤️

Support by clicking the ⭐ button on the upper right of this page. ✌️

Check out Mindorks awesome open source projects here

License

   Copyright (C) 2017 MINDORKS NEXTGEN PRIVATE LIMITED

   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   You may obtain a copy of the License at

       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   limitations under the License.

Contributing to From Java To Kotlin

Just make a pull request. You are in!

Enum definition could be shorter

enum class Direction constructor(direction: Int) {
    NORTH(1),
    SOUTH(2),
    WEST(3),
    EAST(4);

    var direction: Int = 0
        private set

    init {
        this.direction = direction
    }
}

could be

opened by CreamyCookie 2

I don't understand last section Java and Kotlin comparision

Java
public class Utils {

    private Utils() { 
      // This utility class is not publicly instantiable 
    }
    
    public static int triple(int value) {
        return 3 * value;
    }
    
}

int result = Utils.triple(3);
Kotlin
fun Int.triple(): Int {
  return this * 3
}

var result = 3.triple()

var result = 3.triple() is it same function as in Java called Utils.triple(3) ? If yes than 3 how can be an object ?

opened by altaf933 2

Bracket misplaced in casting comparison from java to kotlin

In this java to kotlin comparison

if(object instanceof Car){
}
Car car = (Car) object;

if (object is Car) {
}
var car = object as Car

Shouldn't the casting be inside the braces, i.e

if (object is Car) {
    var car = object as Car
}

opened by ishaan1995 1

Update example for collections forEach method with versions comparison

I updated the previous changes from https://github.com/MindorksOpenSource/from-java-to-kotlin/pull/2, by showing differences between Java 8 and Java 7 and below.

opened by petromir 1
separated object keyword with backtick in Kotlin.

separated object keyword with backtick in Kotlin. Since object is keyword in kotlin so we should separated keyword with backtick in order to use as name of variable or method and class extra.

opened by ravibisht 0
Relationship with Optional

In my opinion, an example is needed for Optional from java 8.

In the case of kotlin's nullable & nullsafe, it is thought that it can be compared with Optional in java.

opened by jgspark 0
Should we consider adding the Java code decompiled from Kotlin?
Would it be possible to consider adding Java code decompiled from Kotlin for each example? This would make it more intuitive to see the differences between the two.

An example is as follows：

Print to Console

Java

System.out.print("Amit Shekhar"); System.out.println("Amit Shekhar");

Kotlin

print("Amit Shekhar") println("Amit Shekhar")

Java(Decompiled from the above Kotlin code)

System.out.print((Object) "Amit Shekhar"); System.out.println((Object) "Amit Shekhar");
opened by Iceberry-qdd 0